Ink



Patented Dec. 3 0, 1930 PATE T OFFICE CHALFANT E. BIVINS, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK N6 Drawing. f

,The invention relates to inks, andmore particularly to a composition which may remain-in powder or paste form until'it is desired to place same insolution with water 7 ,5 for writing purposes.

7 those requirements set in the specification for inks issued by the U. S. Government for the production of permanent or non-fugitive and 10 -colored inks,and when in solution, there will be no such precipitation as will cause any substantial variation in the strength or depth of color in writing made therewith, or interfere with the free flowing of the ink when v writing therewith. V y

Furthermore, an ink embodying my invention may be produced in many desired colors by a mere selection. of the coloring pigment, and irrespective of the color of the ink in use,

there will be no tendency V of the ink to thicken on or about a pen in a manner to interfere with the free flowing of the-ink, thus particularly adapting the invention to the productionof inks of. different colors for 2 use in fountain'pens; j r

Before the ink is placed in solution, whether it'be in dry powder, or in paste form, it willnot be deleteriously af'fected by climatic or temperature changes, since even when in paste form it will not freeze, when subjected to a temperature of or more degrees F. below the freezinlgO point of water. Any available water may e used for plac ing the composition in solution, ordinary 1 drinking waters being adapted for this use irrespective of whether they be hard, as

7 found largely in the eastern part of the Unitied States, or alkaline, as found in the western part. ,Its property of, not freezing even unf der extremely low temperatures, permits it to be stored in largequantities without requiring'special attention to avoid loss from the breakage of the containers from freezing of the ink, but even though the composition in paste form should freeze, nevertheless the a the desired properties. An ink embodying my lnvention meets Application filed April 6, 1925. serial iia arzi.

7 since by merely thawing out the composition,

it will have, when placed in solution, all of Of course, when the 50 ink is in powder form it cannot freeze;

When producing'the ink in paste form the substances used for-moistening the dry constituents of the ink are of a nature which will cause them, of themselves, to go readily into solution with water, and avoid the presence of any substantial sediment in the ink.

The invention consists primarily in an ink containing therein in dry powdered form'an admixture of suitable coloring matter, a crystalline organic substance selected from the group consisting of citric acid, benzoic acid, a combination of these acids, salicylic acid, tartaric acid and succinic acid for, avoiding undue precipitation of sedement, and crystalline benzoic acid; and in such other novel characteristics as are hereinafter set forth and described and more particularly pointed out in the claims hereto appended. The ink of my invention may be so compounded that when placed in solution, it may be used for-either copying or noncopying record'i'nks, or for producing colored inks 'whichare not record inks. The general character of the ink is determined by known ingredients used in known proportions, and while I will recite below certain specific formulae, such are given merely to show the adaptability of the invention for the production of inks which will measure up to certain fixed standards in respects determined by characteristics other than those imparted by my invention.

The organic acids used are preferably citric acid, benzoic acid, or a combination of these acids, although salicylic or tartaric acid, or succinic acid, or acid salts, which in hydrolyzing form acids, may be used.

By way of example, one formula I have 7 Gms.

' Tannic acid U. S. P 1 V 23.4

Gallic acid U. S. P r 7.7

Ferrous sulphate U. S. P 30.0

Citric acid U. S. P 8 to 10 Benzoic acid U. S P 1.0

Y Coloring matter 3.5

' 1 usedfor producing a black record and copying ink is as. follows 2-- The coloringmatter used in this formula may be that commonly used for'producing ordinary blue black or socalled black inks.

, s'given', and possiblyeven with greater procopying writing IFor produ cing what is known as a non- I fluid, I have used the following report I have found that the more desirablerestilts are secured with the; lower proportions of citric acid, although within the range portions,satisfactoryzresults can be secured. Under 1 some condltions, I have used as hlgh ;as.tt'gms.,,citric acid for the copying record ink, rand-22 gms. for the production of ink which is non-copying, the so called commer- Tannic acid, gallic acid Fand ferrous :sul-

; phateare commonly used in inksto vgive permanency to wrltlngs madetherewlth. I Y

As an'iexample of-colore'olfinks embody- 7 Zing my invention, the formula given below produces a non-fluid ink, which when placed in solution, will not dryvout or solidify, thus l :adapting'it particularlyifor use in fountain pens, and at thesame time avoidthat wastage resulting from-the drying out'ofsuch in gredients when in'ink wells. The formula is as follows Crocein scarlet 3B 7 5.5 Citrica cid .4=, to 4 Benzoic acid V .1t0'1 Any other suitable coloring matter maybe substituted for the cro'cein scarlet.

' -The addition of the organic acids ensures a fluidityoftheink which will permit it to run freely when the composition is placed in solution with'water, and will avoid the dry 'ing out of .the ink and theformation of that residue commonly found in, colored inks par- 'tlcularly when such ln'ks are used lnfountain pens. 7-.

If it be @"I'he use 7. of the crystallinelorganic salts vabove referredto, permits-all ofthe ingredientstobe reduced to the desired fineness by grinding,.a nd ensures their being readily dissolved in water. Y

desired to place theingredients or portions herein described. I

salicyclic' acid', tartaric acid 'andsuccinic'acid,

- omit hard water to be used: for placing the compound in solution. Benzoic as a preservative.

acid acts mainly I believe it to be broadly newto provide an -ink either in powder or paste fornifone of the constituents of which is a crystalline organic acid, or acid'salt which upon hydrolyzing, forms anacid, whichink may be readily placed in solution with ordinary drinking water, and I intend to claim such broad- 'Havingi'described the invention what I claim as new and desire *to have protected by Letters Patent,'is: 3 I?" ,1JAn' ink containing therein in dry powdered form an admixture of suitable coloring matter, a crys'talline' or'ganicsubstance selected from the group consisting of citric acid, benzoic ac d, a comblnatlon'of theseqaclds, salicylic acid, tartarlc acid and 'succin c acid,

7 for avoiding undue precipitationof 'and 'cryst-alline benzoic acid.

2. An ink containing thereinfin dry powdered form anadmixture-of suitable coloring -m'atter, ingredients for giving permanency-to wr tings made w th the ink, a crystalline or- 'gan-ic substance selected from the group con 7 sisting of citric acid, benzoic acid, acombina- -t1on' of these ac ds, salicycllcacid," tartaric acid and 'succinicfacid, for avoiding undue a precipitation of sediment-, and -cryst'a'lli'ne benzoioacid'. I I a 3. An ink containing therein in dryjpowdered form an admixture-of suitable coloring matter, crystalline citric acid'a-nd crystal-line 'benzoic' acidin' substantially the range of pro '1 4. An in'k containing therein in dry powdered form an admixture of suitable coloring matter, ingredients for 'giving permanency to writings made with the ink, crystalline citric acid and crystallinebenzoic acid in sub stantiallythe range of proportions herein described. v V I 1 5. .An ink containing therein infundissolved form an admixture of suitable coloring matter, a crystalline organic substance :selected from'thegroup consisting ofcitric acid, benzoic acid, a combination ofi these acids, M

for avoidingundue precipitation of sediment, and crystalline benzoic acid.

6. An ink containing therein in undissolved form an admixture of suitable coloring matter, a crystalline organic substance selected from the group consisting of citric acid, benzoic acid, a combination of these acids,

7 salicylic acid, tartaric acid and succinic acid,

water, alcohol and. glycerin suificient to reduce the other constituents to the form of paste for avoiding undue precipitation of sediment, andcrystalline benzoic acid.

v7. An ink containing therein in undissolvedform an admixture of suitable coloring matter, crystalline citric acid, crystalline benzoic acid in substantially the proportions herein described, water and alcohol sufficient to reduce the other constituents to the form of paste. l V 8. An ink containing therein in undissolved form an admixture of suitable coloring matter, ingredients forgiving permanency to writings made with the ink, crystallinecitric acid, crystalline benzoic acid in substantially the range of proportions herein described, Water and'alcohol sufficient to reduce the other constituents to the formof uents to the form of paste.

paste. o

9. An ink containing therein in undissolved form an admixture of suitable coloring matter, crystalline citric acid, crystalline benzoic acid in substantially the range of proportions hereindescribed, water, alcohol and glycerin suflicient to reduce the other constit- 10. An ink containing therein in undis solved form an admixture-of suitable coloring matter, ingredients for giving permar V nency to writings made with the ink, crystalline citric acid, crystalline benzoic acid in substantially the proportions herein described, water, alcohol and glycerinsufiicient to reduce the other constituents to the form of paste. I

11. An ink containing therein in undis solved form an admixture of suitable coloring matter, a crystalline organic substance selected from the group consisting of citric acid, benzoic acid, a combination of these acids, salicylica cid, tartaric acid and succinic ac1d,. for avolding undue preclpltation of sediment, and crystalline benzoic acid.

In witness whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature, this 20th day of March, 1925. CHALFANT E. BIVINS. 

